0. I played a bit of CK3 when it first came out, then did other things for many months. . Level 1 buildings cost 150 Gold. The buildings which provide "troops" only increase your amount of levys; and levys are ♥♥♥♥ in CK3; now Knights (a sort of hero-type special troop, scarce in numbers) and "men at arms" (restyled retinues) are the thing. Building camel farms. The whole point is to super-buff a single men at arms type and then rely on that to do all of your heavy lifting. Download from: Nexus Mods. paradoxwikis. 2. Jump to latest Follow Reply. The duchy of Wessex consists of 4 counties, all with coastal access allowing for the tradeport line of buildings. VIET & RICE mods have been updated to CK3. Level 1 buildings cost 600 Gold. Add the ending ". Dedicated siege works allow the ruler to field and maintain superior-quality siege weapons. The aim of this mod is to add more buildings to vanilla, and give the player a row of options and not simply pick the same buildings everytime. primary_building: string: The key of the building that is generated at the start. Many of these are Special Buildings and unlike in the base game multiple may be in the same Barony, sometimes paired with custom special Duchy Buildings. Mono-typing a good unit is the meta, and you preferably want to pick units with high pursuit. e. Ty in advance. Level 1 buildings cost 600 GoldDevelopment. BoydofZINJ Oct 1, 2020 @ 7:17am. I highly recommend turning off cultural hybridization and divergence in the game rules for better experience. e. txt) as well as simply looking at the special buildings ingame. You can now see a list of existing building in Rome. 8 Stables; 1. There's no reliable way of building up your power without expanding. Building Strategy in County Holdings. Pure Heavy Infantry might be good in CK3, but they'll take a lot of losses in. I know a lot of folks like the military academy because knights are OP. Back to 8. However there is a new basque-pagan faith, called Era Zaharra. tribal hold, that is, the main building of the county, it is located right above these four. stephencorby • 3 yr. Around ~6 millions of people in Gaul at the beggining of roman expansion (-125). CK3 duchy buildings tier list: 1. Yes, you spend a lot of money on buildings, and you will not be launching huge foreign wars to build an Empire, but you will still be going to war. I'd also personally make a one-county Yazidi count/temporal HOF, add an artifact that is tied to the HOF. 13 upvotes · 21 comments. Such as in this post; a simple way to add buildings to your counties en masse. The few built-up holdings that exist represent the important stops along the silk road that were some of. My archers only get +6 damage. - adds "Tomb of Ancestors" with 2. Description. 5% tax per point. Jump to latest Follow Reply. Items (148). Alamut : In Alamut, Persia. Report. Special Buildings Expanded for AGOT is a pretty straightforward submod that currently adds 30 special buildings in various canon locations all over. So your vassals buildings do not help you except indirectly by increasing levy or development. Many Counties in the game feature slots for Special Buildings. All buildings will keep all terrain, holding types and coastal requirements: you won't get just random buildings. Modify the World. Buildings (to improve knights): Military Academies, regimental grounds. I'm King of Ireland. This guide was created using data available from the ingame files (00_special_buildings. Seeing as Armenian Apostolic will be its own faith in CK3 and this will most likely be the unique holy site for that faith, the cathedral itself should be a special building with a bonus similar to Notre Dame. Here is the list of all the Special Buildings in Crusader Kings III along with all. In CK2, at least you got an opinion bonus for building in a vassal's holding. You must be Ibadi to construct the special building there. It is possible to replace. ) Notes: 1. Etchmiadzin Cathedral in Armenia is a holy site for the miaphysite religion in CK2 and the oldest cathedral in the world. Not anymore if it is not directly held by you. Replace building button? r4uL. Crusader Kings is a historical grand strategy / RPG game series for PC, Mac, Linux, PlayStation 5 & Xbox Series X|S developed & published by Paradox Development Studio. In each tribal holding I own I have duplicated the Knights building on each, granting 4 extra knights and 40% knight effectiveness. Etchmiadzin Cathedral in Armenia is a holy site for the miaphysite religion in CK2 and the oldest cathedral in the world. Special buildings. Jump to latest Follow Reply. . Hard period after, down to 5~6 millions (~1000) 12 millions again in 1200. Yes, the unique buildings to a Temple holding produce slightly less tax per level than the equivalent City buildings, but the extra cut of the income you get more than makes up for that. The problem here comes from the simple fact that the buildings only have two levels, seeing them quickly outpaced. As long as this rule is respected, it *should* be possible to change the type of a holding. All in all, it’s best if you want to play tall and raise up the development. Do those cavalry bonuses apply for each hunting ground I build in my domain, or do I only get the effects from one building?. Hunting Grounds. Do the buildings need to be duplicated for each holding (i. Basically, since the AI always builds a mix of everything, they can only counter a small portion of your men at arms if you are only building one thing. This compatch is for the Special Buildings included in Cities of Wonder 3, Medieval Arts, Unique Buildings+, RICE, More Bookmarks +, (which includes buildings from Africa Plus, Muslim Enhancements) and others. However the counties with buildings in them are unchanged so still easy to find. How to acquire the 'Keep' building? Coraf. One way to add Building Slots through the console is to use this command: effect = {province:547= {add_building_slot=1}} 547 is the province id in my example, which is Kiev/Kyiv. Not compatible with Ironman and Achievments. I picked it up again this last week, and shortly after I. Economic buildings increase the prosperity of a holding, providing monthly tax and in some cases reducing the cost of hosting activities. Military buildings. com]. This mod will allow you to auto-build all avialable buildings of top level, auto-update all existing buildings and add free slots up to 7. Maybe i read it wrong tho since i still see some people commenting that you can have 3 duchy buildings stacked as long as you have the actual duchy titles held. The more power they hold, the more land their subjects can work and, most importantly, the more tax they will produce! Manor Houses are the best buildings for economy in CK3. Currently, all of them are present on the map at the game's start. Both buildings also give gold income although Guilds give slightly more. But I'm talking about things which simply make the user interface and functionality more user friendly. Level 1 buildings cost 600 Gold. Modding, or creating mods, is the act of modifying the assets or behavior of the game either for personal use, or to release publicly to other players, for instance via Paradox Mods or. com]. Well currently EUIV, HOIIV, Stellaris and Imperator: Rome have building slots limit, although Imperator: Rome limit is dynamic and tied to population, so CK2 seems to be the outliner here, but CK2 only allow one copy of each building (however with levels) while Imperator: Rome and HOIIV allow for several copies of the same building. This is a buildings compatch mod for as many buildings mods as possible. For cities it is the Guilds building which gives a bonus of 5%-40% to development in the county and for temples it is the Monasteries building which gives a bonus of 0. I'm endorsed by my patriarch, not at war, and am the same faith. 359. Even intermediate players choose not to invest too much because they think that the building would take a long time to pay for itself. This is separate branch of More building Slots. CK3 may be about human relationships, but it would help the immersion a lot to have a living. Requires clan Assamite. Maybe have buildings that can't be built on Farmlands be destroyed when it switches over, to prevent stacking of incorrect buildings. a building equivalent to a feudal castle 5. These suckers can easily stack wipe armies of equal size. give bonuses to entire realm, in CK2 they used to give bonus even if county was being held by vassal, I've found out by experiment that this is not the case in CK3, to get effects from special building you need to personally own not only the county, but the barony. Jump to latest Follow Reply. Counties now have 9 slots. A barony can be two types of capital: The county capital is the primary barony of a county. Holding Manager Mini has no building management features, and thus the size of the Holding UI isn't changed. I usually go for leisure palaces in the capital duchy (or if I'm a duke and my only duchy is a somewhat safe and prosperous one), while I otherwise use one of the myriad of other options depending on what I'd want to do, such as trying to milk some extra money out of one potentially rich duchy to wanting extra levies. Outposts, hunting grounds, barracks and military camps all seem to have at least one ability when fully upgraded that overlaps with one of the others and one thing. CK3 building returns and mod numbers Buildings Manor houses,Vanilla,Manor houses,Mod 0,100 increase,Payback,Income bonus needed for payback,0. A Keep is what the central fortification of a castle is called, where all the important assets are "kept". Barracks for Heavy Cavalry, Heavy Infantry and Spearmen. Well currently EUIV, HOIIV, Stellaris and Imperator: Rome have building slots limit, although Imperator: Rome limit is dynamic and tied to population, so CK2 seems to be the outliner here, but CK2 only allow one copy of each building (however with levels) while Imperator: Rome and HOIIV allow for several copies of the same building. Rome has one for holding the dutchy. Buildings in CK3 are an integral part of the realm. How to build, upgrade and inspect them. 5 monthly at level 1. Crusader Kings is a historical grand strategy / RPG game series for PC, Mac, Linux, PlayStation 5 & Xbox Series X|S developed & published by Paradox Development Studio. CK3 special buildings are just ridiculous railroading. They build almost everything but it depends on them and the order of building is unpredictable. To start with, the basics are fairly simple. I held constantinople, alexandria, rome, jerusalem, antioch as byzantine emperor, had unique faith buildings as well as duchy bonus. Situated entirely along the silk road, it’s an oasis of untapped potential. Nov 9, 2023Economic buildings increase the prosperity of a holding, providing monthly tax and in some cases reducing the cost of hosting activities. Description. Iberian region already has 7-8 special buildings. Through a few different means like increasing development and constructing tons of buildings, the player can amass hoards of gold and levies without having to. Around 12 millions in roman Gaul at the end of the empire (~500). Duchy buildings can only be constructed by a Feudal or Clan Ruler in the de jure capital of a Duchy and can only be used if the character holds the associated Duchy Title. Siege Works. There is no actual limit on the number of duchy titles you can hold on as a king/emperor AFAIK. Apr 13, 2021. A special holy building can be constructed there. Prisoners. Anyone have any direction. It is definitely worth it but we are talking about long term here. Crusader Kings 3 Special Buildings. As of the Azure Patch 1. Khotan is a unique case among kingdoms. Plus you made a whole bunch of combability patches. In East and North Riding I have built 1 Hide Tent per county. Save compatibility: not compatible with saves before mod switching-on You should start new game. That one will always be given to your heir so it’ll be more helpful. As you mentioned, Cities are the best for development. So, at the start of the game, in 867, if you have 4 or 5 de jure counties, you are as strong as East Francia. It is possible to replace. Struggle. In the Westerlands: -Casterly Rock has a unique modifier. I think Sparring Grounds are really good. 5 but can go up to +0. You tell the ever-evolving saga of Iberia with each decision you make. CK3 This is just a question to toss around, but I've noticed that Farmlands (one of the most powerful terrain types, along with Floodplain and Oasis) are positioned around pre-destined capitals of the world. Hello, this is a mod/patch i made for myself but wanted to share it too, basically what it does is removing the religion requirement for buildings, i didn't remove the generic church/mosque ones i only removed the unique ones, like in the picture of this mod you can see the Parthenon special. Furthermore, if the county is also the capital of its de jure duchy. The extra buildings such as; Pastoral grounds, hunting grounds, watch towers are a bit harder to plan since they are. If your army is smaller/weaker than your opponents, big walls are just delaying the inevitable. 9) Pandya Nadu (7 baronies, by the sea, farmland, fairly defensible chokepoint and very high development) Sort by:Add Building Slots through the console. So building cities and temples is better. 1 Answer. Each Duchy can only support one such building. This is separate branch of More building Slots. County capitals allow the construction of an additional building and have +1 Fort Level. Subscribe to downloadExtra More Building Slots (16 slots) For CK3 ver. Subscribe. When you come. I picked it up again this last week, and shortly after I finally got. Any Metropolis can be upgrade to a Megalopolis. Duchy buildings can only be constructed by a Feudal or Clan Ruler in the de jure capital of a Duchy and can only be used if the character holds the associated Duchy Title. The best army composition is no composition lol. Level 3 buildings cost 340 Gold and a level 2 holding. Whether you're looking to increase levy size, boost unit damage, or amplify the tax revenue from your subjects, Duchy Buildings can. r/CrusaderKings. png 150 × 130; 3 KB. So far the only one I have found is the county of Madurai, with seven holding slots but no special buildings, so I am wondering. If a holding had 100 development, a true metropolis, it would only give 50% as much money as an uninhabited tribal wasteland if they both have the same buildings. Do building bonuses stack? CK3 For example, a level 1 hunting grounds provides cavalry bonuses. 3 are farmlands, the best terrain for money and development, Aachen has the palace and Cologne the cathedral. Mr Samuel Streamer (former Roll1D2 Games) guide on useful tools and how-to mod beginner's guide. Buildings are an excellent source of troops. You just get an opinion malus of -15. EDIT: Patch 1. A special holy building can be constructed there. In this video we explore every special monument building in the current #crusaderkings3 #agot mod. Mod compaible with Realms in exile. Assen Fortress – Stanimaka. Silver-Equivalent-36. Crusader Kings III is a grand strategy game with RPG elements developed by Paradox Development Studio. I also opted away from using scrollbars, which I thought were inconvenient to use as they hid most of the buildings away, and you would have to constantly scroll. Description. Now Doux Dragos of Raska starts off with two mines. Unlocked building slots are not lost if the county's culture is changed to one that has fewer building slots innovations. I suggest that instead of stacking realm wide building bonuses directly on top of each other, every building after the 1st adds less and less. Read The Full Guide: Kings 3 Royal Edition @ Gaming Deals @. If hunting grounds gave a boost of about +4. But in CK3, castles can all build exactly the same buildings as cities (except for Guild Halls, which improve development speed and provide a small amount of income). Level 5, 6, & 7 Castles and Cities have custom 3d Models (COW3 adds over 80 new 3D models to the game. Since Hellenism is a pagan faith, my holy buildings are Grand. Given the county (not the duchy title) away and I lost the effect. Intro. Modding, or. Level 2 buildings cost 250 Gold. Buildings - there are several buildings that impact renown gain Grand Cathedral/Mosque/Temple – grants +5% renown/month, must be built in the barony on a holy site Cantebury Cathedral – grants +5% renown/month, must be built in Cantebury at a holy site. png 150 × 130; 5 KB. Barracks for Heavy Cavalry, Heavy Infantry and Spearmen. Syncretism & Special buildings. You need a safety net budget for mercs (3-400 in first years), but for the rest every ducat must be invested. and a T3 Castle =. Each Barony in the game only has 1 Special Building. Add file more buildings. Feb 20, 2022. ; About CK3 Wiki; Mobile viewThe buildings themselves are very expensive, but come in many flavors - allowing you to tailor your experience. Age of Wonders 4 Empire of Sin Cities: Skylines 2 Crusader Kings 3 Europa Universalis 4 Hearts of Iron 4 Hunter:. txt) as well as simply looking at the special buildings ingame. House of Blackheads, Riga. Temple of Artemis, Ephesos (Only Excavation Decision) Temple of Zeus at Olympia, Andravida (Only Excavation Decision) Heraion of Samos, Samos (Only Excavation Decision) Valle dei Templi, Girgenti. Dublin provides roughly as much money as Baghdad because development only provides +0. Since Hellenism is a pagan faith, my holy buildings are Grand. Description. The assumptions were that you only have two duchy buildings and that you control and upgrade 7 counties worth of buildings. +Garrison. Manor Houses The Lords and Ladies of the manor employ hundreds of peasants to till their fields and tend to their. 2 prestige per building, you have -50% title creation cost and unreformed religion gives you +20% prestige. All three have special buildings helping with developement/gold, Paris has a university as a bonus and Kyiv has the "Found Capital" decision. Crusader Kings. It was added in a patch. Can't see any way the differences between the two games would prevent something like this in CK3?Subscribe to downloadMedieval Arts. r/CrusaderKings. And I absolutely love the CK3 Reddit-Community. Light Blue: Special buildings which require you to be a certain faith; often these are unique great temples. List of counties. All their buildings are worse compared to tribal buildings. Imperator may not be a perfect game, but CK3 could really benefit from importing some its provincial mechanics like pops, trade goods, etc. CK3 has a lot of built in mechanics to do it easily so it's vastly more viable. Mod adds more building slots for common buildings. With 14 holdings slots, many of them already built up in both 867 and 1066, Wessex has an above average amount of holdings per county. Generally though I build stuff that I can hold. 0 planetary screen, it works but any effort to expand it will only be too expensive to be. Whatever you pick, just stack their. Spamming the buildings is what makes the strategy work. Crusader Kings III is a grand strategy game with RPG elements developed by Paradox Development Studio. Every county in the game has a development score between 0 and 100. StoKill99. 16 millions in late medieval times. In the cradle of civilization, there’s a special building referred to as the House of Wisdom. "Worth it" is realtive, considering you have nothing else to do with it: yeah :p. Go to ck3 r/ck3. Engage in courtly intrigue, dynastic struggles, and holy warfare in mediæval Europe, Africa, the Middle East, India, the steppes and Tibet. Crusader Kings III - Crusader Kings III: Chapter IIChapter IRoyal EditionAbout the GameYour legacy awaits. This community wiki's goal is to be a repository of. CK3 In CK2, the decision of building a new holding had some pros and cons for each type. CK3 has enough variability and potential routes you can go to do something different. Both are for Holy sites for different Religions. Each building should provide +2 damage. { Building = "farm_01" } I) This way to add an extra slot: Copy one existing building, paste it on the same roll and replace the farm_01 code with elephantry_08. Now in Early Access! Lead the future of humanity and harness the power of stars by building the first Dyson Sphere in the whole galaxy!There is no way for most government types (sans Nomads) to reliably raze buildings. Level 2 buildings cost 250 Gold. Why was "Replace Buildings" for Vassals Removed? Da_Big_D__. Crusader Kings. Tribal. Reboot of the original More Buildings mod. You'd like to see a particular monument represented 3D in the game?Basically to give everybody a TLDR holdings have too little building slots and scripted extra or special building slots are as bad and interface cluttering as the old CK2's side tabs, it's like the old culture systems CK3 had before RC or Stellaris 1. Furthermore, if you have a religion that allows you to arrest your own Realm Priest, doing so then banishing them allows you to seize all of their savings for. Holding Manager Lite has less building management capabilities and is better to be used with other building mods. Buildings also cost both gold and Prestige. . Description. Crusader Kings. Here it is Crusader Kings 3 best buildings: 1. Ile-de-France has one for its Duchy, but there'll be one in every other Duchy too. Before it finishes building, open the menu to replace another and when it finishes you will be able to select the desired building again. Main problem with ck3 , i always have like 20M gold in late-game. New techniques of reinforcing earthen dikes with seaweed mats will. Constructing & upgrading buildings is often overlooked by new players. Hagia Sophia has the. Stress has a lot of negative consequences and comes with significant health hits so it’s a pretty good building. 11. Seeing as Armenian Apostolic will be its own faith in CK3 and this will most likely be the unique holy site for that faith, the cathedral itself should be a special building with a bonus similar to Notre Dame. 9. Level 1 buildings cost 600 Gold. All you have to do is pick a MAA type and stack their bonuses (buildings, culture, etc). Iberian region already has 7-8 special buildings. The first level gives you 150 levies and 1. Nov 1, 2023CK3 Building and Holding Guide. This isn't a Paradox problem, Keep's have been called Keep's for a thousand years. Simply open CK3. To start with, the basics are. Chapters:0:00 – Intro3:33 – Holy Buildings23:47 – University Bu. If you are a small nation likely to be attacked by bigher and stronger foes then Hunting grounds cannot be understated, not only due to the bonus to all important Cavalry (who are a neccesity in surviving wars against larger foes) but they. Burges have access to unique common buildings with similar bonuses to Special Buildings. Engage in courtly intrigue, dynastic struggles, and holy warfare in mediæval Europe, Africa, the Middle East, India, the steppes and Tibet. All Duchy buildings take 5 years to construct or upgrade and most have 3 levels. Chapters0:00 - Intro0:54 - Holdings4:52 - Tribal Holdings & Buildings7:45 - Buildings19:50 -. Each major religion has their own holy buildings, for example Christians have Grand Cathedrals, Muslims have Grand Mosques and pagan religions have Grand Temples. Buildings are some of. This building will give you a 15% Cultural Fascination Progress and a 15% Monthly Lifestyle Experience. Certain buildings can reduce the cost of specific tournament activities, and you'll want to place them in appropriate provinces—a mountainous area, for instance, is a poorer tournament site than. A feature that allows you to build a (somewhat) customizable building unique for your dynasty/culture/region. This guide was created using data available from the ingame files (00_special_buildings. Just wanted to say that I love your mod. Each of the holdings has a purpose, so no one holding is the best for every situation. 1066: Kingdom of Galicia – Can be built for 1000 gold. It gives grandeur and reduced stress gain. 8. In the Iron Islands:If you stack buildings in your holdings to provide bonuses to heavy cav and then get armored horsemen plus a few armored swordsmen to counter any pikeman the enemy has (and one siege engine stack because they're great) is fantastic. Recently noticed that buildings in *all* the temple holdings in my domains are disabled, and have been for a while - I think since the death of my last king. If you build this building in your lands you will get all of the income resulting in 1. The Fate of Iberia lies in your hands. One of the following grants at most +1 Special building slot: Barony is a holy site. CK3 Building and Holding Guide. ago. 8) Bohemia (has a mine, 3 counties with six holdings). I have multiple (baronial-level) holdings in each county, as all of us do. Virtually any MaA is viable so long as you have a decent economy and build the right buildings; the biggest cultural question should be whether your culture can build the MaA types you want in the first place. Last time i played i'm pretty sure i was able to replace building in vassal holdings, but now i can't, not even in holdings in counties that i owned directly but are owned by a baron or bishop. png 150 × 130; 4 KB. It doesn't make that much of a difference if you vary the number of counties, fwiw. I have duplicated Walls and Hunting Grounds on each to allow for maximum defense of. Special buildings. It is not on the CK3 special building map. Work in progress for more slots for duchy special buildings. Feb 16, 2022;The best buildings, especially in the early game, are buildings that increase gold income. The Targaryens built special buildings like the great sept of Baelor or the drgonpit. Vassals need GOLD to build a building (and Prestige if tribal). Crusader Kings is a historical grand strategy / RPG game series for PC, Mac, Linux, PlayStation 5 & Xbox Series X|S developed & published by Paradox Development Studio. +50% Building Construction Time and -10% Development. 5. Jerusalem has nice bonuses for knights which should also be considered 20% bonus to knights. CK3. The AI sometimes struggles with concentrating enough holdings to amass enough gold to trigger the building order. It would be such a nice little addition and detail that would actually make it feel distinct. Otherwise it would be easy to stack -100% maintenance costs on your regiments and gain godlike benefits on your units. Use this if two or more of the mods you use add buildings that go in the regular building slots. Engage in courtly intrigue, dynastic struggles, and holy warfare in mediæval Europe, Africa, the Middle East, India, the steppes and Tibet. Subscribe. Hello! I've spend few hours trying to find out wheather it is possible to mod something like this (i'm kinda interested in auto-build feature either), but it turned out, that as the current state of the game, such things as starting building/upgrading, adding buildings to the queue, limiting active buildings in a holding to more then one - all these is 'hidden'. If you are not the direct Owner of a holding, then you. Building. Dragon Nest : Alternate Duchy Building for Kuei-Jin. Khotan. C:\Program Files (x86)\Steam\steamapps\common\Crusader Kings III\game\common\buildings. Currently, all of them are present on the map at the game's start. This will actually be one of the best buildings in CK3 for any culture that relies heavily on cavalry or has access to horse archers, like the Mongol Empire. Holding Manager has full-featured building management capabilities and is restricted to the vanilla buildings. Subscribe to downloadMedieval Arts - More Special Buildings. Focus your character and heirs into stewardship and develop your main capital (which is usually the county that makes the most money). Now updated for 1. ck3" to gamestate 7. Normally it check if you can see the replace button, by checking if you are the direct owner of the Holding. Report. Special Buildings Expanded for AGOT is a pretty straightforward submod that currently adds 30 special buildings in various canon locations all over Westeros, in hopes to provide more variety and choice when it comes to unique holdings you would wish to rule from. Crusader Kings is a historical grand strategy / RPG game series for PC, Mac, Linux, PlayStation 5 & Xbox Series X|S developed & published by Paradox Development Studio. The little red "!"In this Crusader Kings 3 guide, I take a closer look at all unique buildings available in CK3. All terrains have the same building options, which give the same amount of money and levies to any holding type. Regular buildings primarily focus on increasing taxes and levies, with some secondary effects such as increasing fortifications or increasing supply, and can be upgraded once the required level of Development is reached. . But that's just what i like. No idea. Crusader Kings. Temporarily, the decision to 'excavate the ruins' within the mod has been removed. Save a couple of spots for Siege weapons and you're golden. Fairly certain they get disabled for wrong religion. The most common usage for that is slot is a Duchy Building, which can only be built in the Duchy Capital. 5 a month it pays for itself in 300 months (25 years). I’m sure you’re just taking a break from ck3. The aim of this mod is to add more buildings to vanilla, and give the player a row of options and not simply pick the same buildings everytime. Engage in courtly intrigue, dynastic struggles, and holy warfare in mediæval Europe, Africa, the Middle East, India, the steppes and Tibet.